Impact of NewMobilitySolutions onTravel Behaviour and Its Incorporation intoTravel Demand Models

Advancementinthefieldsofelectrification,automation,anddigitalisationandemergingsocialtrendsarefuellingthetransformationof roadtransportresultingintheintroductionofvariousinnovativemobilitysolutions.Yetthereactionofpeopletomanyofthenew solutionsisstillvastlyunknown.iscreatesanunprecedentedquandaryfortransportplannerswhoarerequestedtodesignfuture transportsystemsandcreatetherelatedinvestmentplanswithoutfullyvalidatedmodelstobasetheassessmentupon.Assomeevidence oncitizens?behaviourconcerningnewmobilitysolutionsstartstobeprogressivelymadeavailable,firstattemptstoupdatetheexisting modelsbegintoemerge.Nevertheless,alotmoreisneededassomeofthetranspiringmobilitysolutionshavenotyetreachedthemarket, makingthecorrespondingbehaviourchangesimponderable.Inthiscontext,themainpurposeofthispaperistoprovideareviewon howtravelbehaviourchangeslinkedtothedeploymentofnewmobilitysolutionshavebeenconsideredintraveldemandmodels.e newmobilitysolutionsstudiedincludecarsharing,dynamicridesharing,micromobilitysharingservices,andpersonalandshared autonomousvehicles.Anoverviewandcomparisonofrelevantstudiesimplementingactivityortrip-baseddemandmodelsandother methodologiesarepresented.eanalysisshowsthattheresultsofthedifferentstudiesheavilydependontheextenttowhich behaviouralchangesareconsidered.eresultsofthereviewthuspointtotheneedforholisticdemandmodelsthatcarefullymimicthe urbanrealitywitheverythingithastoofferandaccountfortheimportanceofindividualtraitsinthedecision-makingprocesses.Such modelsneedanin-depthunderstandingofthemicroscopicmechanismsleadingtothetravelbehaviourshiftslinkedtothemost innovativemobilitysolutions.Toachievethislevelofdetail,mobilitylivinglabsandtheirreal-lifeexperimentsandexperiencewith citizens,whichareflourishinginEurope,aresuggestedtoplayacrucialroleintheyearstocome.